An arithmetic circuit is a computational model that performs mathematical operations on inputs. In cryptography, it represents a sequence of addition and multiplication gates used to define a computation for zero-knowledge proofs. These circuits transform a computational problem into a form verifiable without revealing the inputs themselves. Their structure is fundamental for proving the correctness of complex calculations privately.
Context
Arithmetic circuits are central to advancements in zero-knowledge proof systems like zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs, which are critical for scaling blockchain networks and enhancing transaction privacy. Ongoing research focuses on optimizing circuit size and proof generation time to improve the practical application of these cryptographic primitives. Their efficiency directly impacts the viability of privacy-preserving technologies in digital asset transactions.
This breakthrough achieves optimal O(N) prover time for SNARKs, fundamentally solving the quasi-linear bottleneck and enabling practical, scalable verifiable computation.
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