Arithmetization converts computational steps into mathematical expressions. This process transforms a program’s execution trace into a set of polynomial equations. It is fundamental in constructing zero-knowledge proofs, where a prover demonstrates knowledge of a secret without revealing it. This transformation enables cryptographic verification of complex computations with minimal data exchange.
Context
Arithmetization is a central technical component in the advancement of zero-knowledge technologies, such as zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs, which are gaining traction for scaling blockchain networks. Its efficiency directly impacts the viability of privacy-preserving protocols and off-chain computation solutions. Ongoing research focuses on optimizing arithmetization schemes to reduce proof sizes and verification times, which are critical factors for broader adoption in digital asset systems.
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