Formalizing MEV Theory for Provable Blockchain Security
        
        
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
    
        
        A new formal theory for Maximal Extractable Value offers a robust framework to understand and secure blockchain systems against economic attacks.
        
        Layered Cryptographic Framework Fortifies Blockchain against Evolving Multi-Layer Attacks
        
        
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
    
        
        This research systematically dissects cryptographic vulnerabilities across blockchain's architecture, proposing comprehensive mitigations to enhance foundational security and resilience.
        
        Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Secures Proof-of-Stake against Malicious Nodes
        
        
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
    
        
        A novel consensus algorithm uses multi-agent reinforcement learning to autonomously detect and penalize malicious nodes, significantly enhancing Proof-of-Stake blockchain security.
