Cryptographic Analysis Fortifies Blockchain against Evolving Attack Vectors
        
        
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
    
        
        This review systematically maps cryptographic vulnerabilities across blockchain layers, offering targeted defense strategies to secure decentralized systems.
        
        Cryptographic Analysis Fortifies Blockchain Security against Evolving Attacks
        
        
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
    
        
        This research systematically categorizes blockchain vulnerabilities through a cryptographic lens, proposing layered defenses to secure decentralized systems against advanced threats.
        
        Evolving Crypto Scams Cost Users $25.4 Million in September
        
        
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
    
        
        Evolving social engineering and technical attack vectors exploit user vigilance and smart contract weaknesses, leading to escalating financial losses.
        
        Economic Security Limits in Permissionless Consensus Protocols
        
        
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
    
        
        This research establishes a foundational mathematical framework to rigorously assess the economic security of permissionless blockchain consensus, enabling the design of more resilient protocols.
