A BFT consensus protocol defines rules for agreement in a distributed system with potential failures. This protocol specifies the communication and validation steps nodes follow to reach a collective decision, even when some nodes exhibit arbitrary or malicious behavior. It ensures that all non-faulty nodes commit to the same sequence of transactions, preserving the integrity and consistency of the shared ledger. Such protocols are vital for permissioned blockchains and certain public chains requiring strong transaction finality.
Context
The implementation of BFT consensus protocols remains a key area of development for permissioned distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) and emerging public blockchain designs. Efforts are directed towards optimizing these protocols for higher transaction throughput and lower latency, addressing limitations found in early iterations. The trade-offs between decentralization, security, and performance continue to drive innovation in this field.
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