BitVM is a proposed system allowing complex computations to be verified on the Bitcoin blockchain. It enables the execution of arbitrary programs off-chain, with verification proofs posted to Bitcoin’s limited scripting language. This mechanism permits a challenger to dispute incorrect computations, forcing the prover to reveal the correct execution steps. BitVM aims to extend Bitcoin’s functionality without altering its core protocol rules.
Context
BitVM represents a significant theoretical advancement for Bitcoin’s programmability, sparking discussions about its potential for smart contracts and layer-2 solutions. The primary challenge involves optimizing the proof size and computational overhead for practical applications. Future developments focus on refining its cryptographic primitives and exploring its compatibility with existing Bitcoin infrastructure.
This research introduces protocols enabling zero-knowledge proofs on Bitcoin for privacy-preserving applications, leveraging zk-STARKs and BitVM to overcome Bitcoin's inherent programmability limitations.
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