Blockchain sharding is a method of splitting a blockchain network into smaller, distinct segments called shards. This parallel processing capability significantly increases transaction throughput and overall network capacity. Each shard can process its own transactions and smart contracts concurrently, reducing congestion on the main network. Sharding thereby addresses scalability limitations inherent in many monolithic blockchain architectures.
Context
The discussion surrounding blockchain sharding primarily concerns its complex implementation challenges, particularly ensuring secure cross-shard communication and maintaining network decentralization. Major blockchain projects are actively researching and deploying sharding solutions to overcome existing scalability issues. Future developments aim to enhance the efficiency and security of these partitioned ledger systems.
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