Definition ∞ A cryptographic collision occurs when two distinct inputs produce the same output hash value from a hash function. This event compromises the integrity of a cryptographic hash function, as it undermines the principle that each unique input should generate a unique, fixed-length output. While theoretically possible for any hash function, a secure cryptographic hash function is designed to make finding such collisions computationally infeasible. The existence of a practical collision vulnerability can severely compromise data authenticity and digital signature systems.
Context ∞ In blockchain technology, cryptographic collisions pose a severe security risk, potentially allowing malicious actors to alter transaction data without detection or to create counterfeit digital assets. Ongoing research and development focus on using stronger hash algorithms and regularly assessing the robustness of existing ones against advancing computational capabilities. News often highlights vulnerabilities found in older hash functions, underscoring the continuous need for cryptographic innovation and vigilance.
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