Cryptographic hashes are mathematical functions that convert an input of any size into a fixed-size string of characters, known as a hash value or digest. This process is one-way, meaning the original input cannot be readily reconstructed from the hash output. Even a minor alteration to the input data results in a completely different hash value. These hashes are fundamental for data integrity and security verification.
Context
In blockchain technology, cryptographic hashes are essential for linking blocks together and securing transactions. Each block contains the hash of the previous block, creating an immutable chain that prevents tampering. Digital asset systems rely on these hashes to verify the authenticity of data, confirm transaction integrity, and ensure the security of stored information without revealing the original content. This foundational cryptographic primitive underpins the trustworthiness of distributed ledgers.
This research surveys how cryptographic mechanisms, primarily chameleon hash functions, enable auditable data modification within blockchains, balancing immutability with regulatory needs.
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