Decentralized sequencing refers to the process of ordering and submitting transactions to a base layer blockchain by multiple independent entities rather than a single, centralized sequencer. This mechanism mitigates risks associated with censorship, single points of failure, and potential front-running. It promotes fairness and robustness in rollup operations.
Context
The pursuit of decentralized sequencing is a prominent goal for many rollup projects seeking to enhance their censorship resistance and liveness guarantees. Current discussions revolve around various designs, such as proposer-builder separation and shared sequencing networks, to achieve a more distributed and secure transaction ordering process.
Cooperative Consensus on a DAG ledger enables token holders to secure the network directly, fundamentally solving the centralization and scalability trade-offs of traditional proof-of-stake.
Introducing Decoupled Time-Lock Commitments, a new primitive that uses VDFs to cryptographically enforce a future transaction reveal, fundamentally eliminating proposer-side MEV.
A Commitment-Inclusion Proof mechanism decouples transaction inclusion from ordering, eliminating builder censorship risk for a fairer block production architecture.
This mechanism auctions block-building rights, decentralizing the sequencing process and securing transaction ordering against centralized MEV extraction.
This new layer decouples rollup execution from transaction ordering, using a BFT consensus to ensure fair, decentralized sequencing and atomic cross-chain state transitions.
The Cryptographic Second-Price Auction (C2PA) uses encrypted bids to decouple transaction value from block production, ensuring credible neutrality and mitigating MEV.
The Sealed-Bid Commit-Reveal Auction cryptographically decouples proposer selection from payload content, establishing a new fairness primitive for decentralized transaction ordering.
The decentralized arranger leverages Set Byzantine Consensus to unify transaction ordering and data availability, eliminating the centralized sequencer bottleneck.
A new decentralized arranger primitive leverages Set Byzantine Consensus to unify L2 sequencing and data availability, eliminating centralized trust bottlenecks.
The rollout of a decentralized sequencer and its associated mining mechanism transforms rollup security from a single point of failure into a composable yield primitive.
The introduction of a two-stage commit-reveal protocol for block construction cryptographically enforces builder neutrality, eliminating the proposer's censorship vector.
Based sequencing delegates L2 ordering to L1 validators via specialized gateways and economic slashing, ensuring credibly neutral, high-performance rollups.
A new shared sequencing mechanism uses decentralized consensus to enforce atomic transaction ordering across multiple rollups, neutralizing cross-rollup MEV.
A Verifiable Shuffle Function cryptographically enforces random transaction ordering, fundamentally neutralizing MEV and securing decentralized sequencing.
Staked Randomness Sequencer (SRS) uses VRF-weighted stake to select L2 sequencers, eliminating the single point of failure and unlocking true censorship resistance.
A Byzantine-Fault-Tolerant protocol uses zero-knowledge proofs to enforce transaction ordering based on network latency, mitigating sequencer MEV and censorship.
HotShot consensus and Tiramisu DA create a decentralized shared sequencing layer, resolving rollup centralization while maintaining high-throughput performance.
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