Definition ∞ Economic warfare involves the use of economic instruments by one state or non-state actor to weaken another’s economy, often to achieve political or strategic objectives. This can include sanctions, trade restrictions, cyberattacks on financial infrastructure, or currency manipulation. Its aim is to disrupt an adversary’s financial stability, supply chains, or access to critical resources. The tactics employed can range from overt policy measures to covert operations.
Context ∞ The concept of economic warfare holds increasing relevance in the digital age, particularly as nation-states consider the strategic implications of digital currencies and blockchain technology. Discussions frequently involve the weaponization of financial systems and the potential for decentralized digital assets to circumvent traditional economic controls. Geopolitical tensions often lead to speculation about the deployment of such strategies, influencing global markets and international relations.
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