Definition ∞ ERC-20 collateral refers to any token built on the Ethereum blockchain following the ERC-20 standard that is used as security for a loan or other financial transaction within a decentralized finance protocol. These tokens are locked in a smart contract to back a debt, ensuring repayment or allowing liquidation if the collateral value falls below a certain threshold. The use of ERC-20 tokens as collateral underpins many lending and borrowing applications in the DeFi ecosystem. This mechanism enables capital efficiency and broad participation.
Context ∞ The discussion surrounding ERC-20 collateral often centers on its volatility and the associated liquidation risks in decentralized lending platforms. Market participants continuously monitor the stability of various ERC-20 tokens used as collateral, especially during periods of high market fluctuation. A critical future development involves the expansion of acceptable collateral types to include more stable or diverse assets, along with improvements in oracle reliability to ensure accurate price feeds and prevent unfair liquidations.