General Adversaries

Definition ∞ General adversaries represent a broad category of malicious actors in cryptographic and distributed systems who possess arbitrary computational power and can behave in any manner to disrupt the system, within defined limits. Unlike specific attack models, this concept considers a wide range of potential threats without making overly restrictive assumptions about attacker behavior. Designing protocols against general adversaries aims for maximum robustness. Their actions are not constrained to specific patterns.
Context ∞ In blockchain security research, protocols are often evaluated against general adversaries to ensure resilience under diverse attack scenarios. News reports discussing the security of new consensus mechanisms or cryptographic primitives may reference their ability to withstand attacks from such powerful, unconstrained entities. The concept helps to establish strong theoretical security guarantees for decentralized systems.