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Government Debt Issuance

Definition

Government debt issuance is the process by which national governments borrow money from investors by selling debt securities, such as bonds or treasury bills. This activity funds public expenditures, manages national deficits, and refinances existing debt obligations. It represents a fundamental mechanism for fiscal policy and public finance. The terms of issuance, including interest rates and maturity dates, are determined by market conditions and government creditworthiness.