Instant finality refers to the characteristic of a blockchain system where transactions, once processed and added to a block, are immediately and irreversibly confirmed. There is no risk of these transactions being reversed or altered later due to network reorganizations. This property provides immediate assurance of settlement.
Context
News reports often highlight instant finality as a key advantage for certain blockchain protocols, particularly in use cases requiring rapid and secure settlement, such as payments or high-frequency trading. The debate around instant finality versus probabilistic finality (like in Bitcoin or Ethereum proof-of-work) concerns security versus decentralization. Achieving true instant finality without compromising network security remains a significant technical goal for many projects.
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