Definition ∞ Key Encapsulation is a cryptographic technique where a symmetric encryption key is securely transmitted by encrypting it with a recipient’s public key. The process generates a ciphertext that effectively “encapsulates” the symmetric key, which only the intended recipient can decrypt using their private key. This method is crucial for establishing secure communication channels without requiring complex key agreement protocols. It forms a fundamental building block for secure data exchange in digital systems.
Context ∞ Key Encapsulation schemes are a primary focus in the development of post-quantum cryptography, addressing the vulnerability of current public-key systems to quantum attacks. Standardization efforts are underway to select robust key encapsulation algorithms that can withstand future quantum computing capabilities. The secure deployment of these new methods is essential for protecting digital assets and privacy in a post-quantum world.
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