Definition ∞ Key management risk refers to the potential for compromise, loss, or misuse of cryptographic keys that control access to digital assets or secure network communications. This risk includes vulnerabilities related to key generation, storage, distribution, backup, and revocation processes. Poor key management practices can lead to unauthorized access, theft of funds, or complete loss of control over digital holdings. Securing these keys is paramount for the safety and integrity of any blockchain-based system.
Context ∞ Key management risk is a persistent and significant concern across the entire digital asset landscape, from individual users to large institutional custodians. News frequently reports on hacks or losses stemming from inadequate key security. The industry continues to develop advanced solutions, including hardware security modules (HSMs), multi-party computation (MPC), and secure enclave technologies, to mitigate these critical vulnerabilities.