Definition ∞ An L2 liveness failure occurs when a Layer 2 scaling solution, such as a rollup, temporarily or permanently stops processing transactions or confirming state updates. This can result from a variety of issues, including sequencer downtime, malicious attacks, or technical glitches, preventing users from accessing their funds or executing operations on the Layer 2 network. It compromises the operational continuity of the scaling solution.
Context ∞ L2 liveness failures represent a significant operational risk for users and applications relying on Layer 2 networks. Discussions often focus on decentralizing sequencers and implementing robust fault tolerance mechanisms to prevent such outages. A critical area of development involves designing Layer 2 protocols with mechanisms that allow users to force transactions directly onto Layer 1 during liveness failures, ensuring fund security even when the Layer 2 experiences issues.
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