Layer 2 Protocols

Definition ∞ Layer 2 Protocols are secondary frameworks built atop existing blockchain networks, primarily designed to enhance scalability and transaction throughput without compromising the underlying security of the main chain. These solutions process transactions off the main chain and periodically settle them on the Layer 1 blockchain, significantly reducing fees and processing times. Examples include optimistic rollups and zero-knowledge rollups.
Context ∞ The current discussion around Layer 2 protocols centers on their critical role in addressing the scalability limitations of popular blockchains like Ethereum. A key debate involves the various technical approaches and their trade-offs concerning security, decentralization, and user experience. Future developments include the continued optimization and interoperability of these protocols, aiming for seamless user interaction and a more efficient digital asset ecosystem.