Light nodes, also known as lightweight or pruned nodes, are clients that do not download and store the entire blockchain history. Instead, they rely on full nodes to provide necessary transaction data and block headers for verification. This significantly reduces the storage and bandwidth requirements for users wishing to interact with a blockchain network.
Context
Discussions surrounding light nodes frequently revolve around their role in improving blockchain accessibility and user experience, particularly for mobile devices or users with limited resources. Debates often address the security trade-offs, such as increased reliance on full nodes and potential for targeted denial-of-service attacks, compared to full nodes. Future developments are expected to focus on enhancing the security guarantees and decentralization of light node operation.
Verkle trees leverage vector commitments to dramatically shrink blockchain state proofs, enabling stateless client verification and enhancing network scalability.
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