Liveness Attack

Definition ∞ A liveness attack aims to prevent a blockchain network or decentralized application from processing new transactions or operating correctly. This type of cyberattack targets the availability and operational continuity of a distributed system, specifically seeking to halt or significantly impede its ability to confirm transactions or produce new blocks. Unlike attacks that compromise data integrity, a liveness attack focuses on disrupting the system’s ongoing functionality, making it unresponsive or unusable for its participants. Such attacks can severely impact user experience and the utility of digital assets.
Context ∞ Liveness attacks are a persistent concern in the security of blockchain networks, especially proof-of-stake systems where validators might collude to censor transactions or prevent block finalization. News often covers incidents where networks experience temporary halts or significant slowdowns, prompting discussions about protocol resilience and validator incentive structures. Developers continuously work on implementing mechanisms, such as slashing penalties and improved consensus protocols, to mitigate the impact and likelihood of such disruptions.