A liveness violation in a distributed system, such as a blockchain, occurs when honest nodes fail to make progress, meaning the network ceases to process transactions or reach consensus. This condition can arise from various factors, including network partitions, malicious attacks, or critical software bugs that halt the system’s ability to operate as intended. It represents a failure to maintain continuous operation.
Context
News regarding liveness violations often follows significant network outages or halts in blockchain operations, drawing attention to the resilience and fault tolerance of decentralized systems. These events are critical for evaluating a protocol’s robustness and the effectiveness of its consensus mechanism under stress. Understanding the causes and consequences of liveness violations helps assess the reliability of digital asset platforms.
This research extends accountable safety to liveness, introducing 'certificates of guilt' to cryptographically punish nodes that intentionally stall transaction finality.
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