Long range attack prevention describes cryptographic or protocol-level measures designed to secure proof-of-stake blockchains against historical chain rewriting. These attacks occur when an attacker creates an alternative, longer chain from an early block, exploiting the low cost of validating old blocks. Effective prevention typically involves checkpointing or requiring recent validator participation.
Context
This security concern is a significant topic in the evolution of proof-of-stake protocols, particularly as networks mature and block histories lengthen. News reports often discuss new consensus mechanisms or protocol upgrades that strengthen defenses against such sophisticated attacks. The integrity of a blockchain’s history depends critically on robust long range attack prevention.
Aegis introduces a provably safe and live protocol for securing expansion chains with primary-chain stake, resolving security challenges posed by dynamic validator withdrawals.
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