Merkle Tree Commitments

Definition ∞ Merkle tree commitments are cryptographic proofs that verify the inclusion of data within a larger dataset without needing to reveal the entire dataset. A Merkle tree hashes individual data blocks, then combines these hashes iteratively to form a single root hash. This root hash functions as a compact summary of all underlying data. Commitments based on these trees enable efficient and secure verification in blockchain systems.
Context ∞ Merkle tree commitments are foundational to blockchain technology, particularly for verifying transactions within blocks and enabling lightweight client synchronization. News might reference them in discussions about scalability solutions, privacy-enhancing technologies, or proofs of reserve by digital asset exchanges. Their efficiency in data verification is a key aspect of how distributed ledgers maintain integrity while supporting high transaction volumes.