Modular Exponentiation

Definition ∞ Modular Exponentiation is a mathematical operation that computes the remainder when an integer raised to an exponent is divided by another integer. This cryptographic primitive is fundamental to public-key cryptography algorithms, including RSA and Diffie-Hellman. It forms the basis for secure digital signatures and encrypted communications. Its efficiency is critical for modern cryptography.
Context ∞ Within the digital asset space, modular exponentiation is a core component of the cryptographic foundations securing blockchain transactions and digital identities. Its computational properties are also central to the design of Verifiable Delay Functions (VDFs). These functions are increasingly relevant for generating unpredictable randomness in proof-of-stake systems and mitigating certain types of attacks.