Definition ∞ A Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proof (NIZKP) is a cryptographic protocol where a prover can demonstrate knowledge of a secret to a verifier without revealing the secret itself, and without requiring any further communication after the initial proof generation. Unlike interactive proofs, a NIZKP can be verified by anyone at any time, making it highly efficient for public verification on a blockchain. This system ensures privacy and computational integrity.
Context ∞ NIZKPs are a critical technology in the advancement of scalable layer-two solutions and privacy-preserving cryptocurrencies, often discussed in news about blockchain scaling. Their ability to compress large computational proofs into small, verifiable data allows for significant increases in transaction throughput and reduced on-chain data storage. The ongoing research and implementation of NIZKPs, such as SNARKs and STARKs, are central to the future development of private and efficient decentralized applications.
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