NP problems, short for Nondeterministic Polynomial time problems, constitute a class of computational problems where a proposed solution can be efficiently checked for correctness by a computer. While verifying a solution is quick, discovering a solution itself may demand an extraordinarily long computational duration. These problems form a fundamental concept in theoretical computer science.
Context
In cryptography and blockchain technology, the computational difficulty of NP problems forms the basis for the security of many cryptographic functions, including hashing and digital signatures. Discussions in news and academic circles sometimes consider the implications of quantum computing for these problems, as quantum algorithms could potentially solve certain NP problems much faster, necessitating new cryptographic paradigms.
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