Skip to main content

Off-Chain Collusion

Definition

Off-chain collusion describes secret agreements or coordinated actions among participants that occur outside the transparent and verifiable mechanisms of a blockchain or decentralized protocol. These agreements aim to manipulate outcomes, gain unfair advantages, or subvert the intended rules of the system. Such activities are difficult to detect or prevent through on-chain logic alone. They pose a significant threat to the integrity and fairness of decentralized applications and markets.