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Off-Chain Exploit

Definition

An off-chain exploit is a security vulnerability or attack that occurs outside the main blockchain network. This type of exploit targets systems, applications, or human elements that interact with digital assets but are not directly part of the on-chain protocol logic, such as centralized exchanges, wallet services, or user credentials. Unlike on-chain vulnerabilities in smart contracts, off-chain exploits leverage weaknesses in external infrastructure or social engineering to gain unauthorized access to funds or manipulate data. These attacks highlight the importance of holistic security practices.