Definition ∞ Off-chain vulnerabilities are security weaknesses residing in systems or processes that interact with a blockchain but are not part of the blockchain itself. These can include issues in centralized exchanges, custodial services, oracle networks, or user interfaces. Exploiting these external components can compromise digital assets or disrupt decentralized applications. Such vulnerabilities represent a significant attack surface outside the core blockchain protocol.
Context ∞ News reports frequently highlight off-chain vulnerabilities when discussing hacks of cryptocurrency exchanges or DeFi platforms that involve external dependencies. Current debates often concern the security practices of third-party service providers and the need for robust API security. Future developments focus on strengthening the security of centralized intermediaries and improving the integrity of oracle data feeds, reducing risks at the blockchain’s periphery.
Blockchain Knowledge
Cryptocurrency Foundation
Cryptospace Newsfeed
