Order dependence describes a characteristic of systems where the outcome of operations is significantly affected by the sequence in which those operations are executed. In blockchain contexts, this often relates to the ordering of transactions within a block, which can impact final states, especially in decentralized finance applications. It presents challenges for fairness and predictability in transaction processing.
Context
Order dependence is a critical consideration in blockchain design, particularly concerning issues like “miner extractable value” (MEV) where validators can profit from strategically reordering transactions. Discussions center on designing protocols that minimize the negative impacts of order dependence, such as through fair sequencing services or commit-reveal schemes. Ongoing research aims to develop more robust and equitable transaction ordering mechanisms to enhance the integrity and fairness of decentralized systems.
This work introduces a Decentralized Clock Network that separates transaction ordering from consensus, using timestamp agreement to enforce δ-Median Fairness and mitigate front-running.
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