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Polynomial Interactive Oracle Proof

Definition

A Polynomial Interactive Oracle Proof is a cryptographic proof system where a prover convinces a verifier of the correctness of a computation by making queries to an oracle that holds a polynomial representation of the computation. This interactive process allows the verifier to check the computation’s integrity without performing it entirely themselves. These proofs are fundamental in advanced zero-knowledge systems, offering strong security guarantees with relatively efficient verification. They are crucial for scalable and privacy-preserving blockchain protocols.