A Probabilistic Guarantee provides an assurance that an event will occur or a condition will hold true with a very high degree of statistical certainty, rather than absolute certainty. In blockchain contexts, it often refers to the decreasing likelihood of a transaction being reverted as more blocks are added to the chain. While not mathematically absolute, the probability of reversal becomes infinitesimally small over time. This form of assurance is a fundamental aspect of Nakamoto consensus mechanisms.
Context
Probabilistic Guarantee is a key concept in news explaining transaction finality on proof-of-work blockchains like Bitcoin. Debates often concern the number of confirmations required for practical finality and the security trade-offs involved. Research into alternative consensus mechanisms often seeks to achieve stronger, more immediate forms of finality.
Data Availability Sampling leverages erasure coding to enable light nodes to probabilistically verify block data, fundamentally solving the L2 scaling data bottleneck.
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