Definition ∞ Quantum attacks are methods that use quantum computers to compromise existing cryptographic security systems. These attacks leverage the unique computational properties of quantum mechanics to efficiently solve mathematical problems currently considered intractable for classical computers. Specifically, Shor’s algorithm can factor large numbers, thereby compromising widely used public-key encryption schemes like RSA and elliptic curve cryptography. Grover’s algorithm offers a quadratic speedup for searching unsorted databases, potentially weakening symmetric-key algorithms and hash functions through faster brute-force attempts.
Context ∞ The prospect of quantum attacks drives significant research and development in post-quantum cryptography to secure digital assets and blockchain networks against future threats. Current discussions center on the timeline for quantum computer development and the urgency of migrating existing systems to quantum-resistant algorithms. A critical future development involves the successful deployment of quantum-safe cryptographic standards across all layers of digital infrastructure, including cryptocurrency protocols.
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