Definition ∞ Quorum intersection is a property in distributed systems, particularly in Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocols, where any two quorums (sets of nodes required to reach agreement) must share at least one common node. This overlap ensures that conflicting decisions cannot be simultaneously finalized by different groups of nodes, as the shared node would detect and prevent such inconsistencies. It is a critical security property for maintaining data consistency and preventing forks in decentralized networks. This property guarantees decision finality and integrity.
Context ∞ In blockchain and distributed ledger technology, quorum intersection is a fundamental security requirement for many high-performance consensus algorithms, ensuring data integrity and preventing double-spending. Discussions often focus on designing protocols that achieve strong quorum intersection while maintaining decentralization and resistance to Sybil attacks. Future research aims to optimize these intersection properties in increasingly complex and large-scale distributed systems, balancing robustness with network efficiency and participant diversity.
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