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R1CS Arithmetization

Definition

A method of converting a computational problem into a system of quadratic equations, specifically Rank-1 Constraint Systems (R1CS), which is a prerequisite for constructing many zero-knowledge proofs. This arithmetization transforms the logic of a program into a format suitable for cryptographic verification. R1CS is a foundational component in the architecture of ZK-SNARKs, allowing complex computations to be represented in a concise, verifiable algebraic form. It bridges the gap between general computation and cryptographic proof systems.