Rational adversaries are theoretical entities in game theory and cryptography that act strategically to maximize their own gain or disrupt a system, always making choices that serve their self-interest. They are assumed to possess perfect information about the system and its rules, and to execute optimal strategies. This concept is used to design robust and secure protocols that can withstand intelligent attacks. Understanding their motivations is crucial for designing resilient decentralized systems.
Context
The concept of rational adversaries is central to the security analysis of blockchain consensus mechanisms and decentralized protocols. Developers design systems to be secure even when a certain proportion of participants act as rational adversaries. News often discusses the resilience of various blockchains against such attacks, particularly in the context of proof-of-stake or other incentive-driven protocols.
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