European Banking Authority Confirms MiCA Stablecoin Dual Licensing Mandate
EBA guidance mandates dual MiCA and PSD2 licensing for e-money token services, escalating compliance costs by March 2026.
European Banking Authority Mandates Dual Licensing for Stablecoin Services
The EBA's MiCA-PSD2 overlap clarification imposes dual regulatory compliance, structurally doubling capital requirements for EU e-money token issuers.
CFTC Enforcement Directive Requires Willful Intent for Digital Asset Registration Violations
The new willful intent standard fundamentally re-architects legal risk, shifting the enforcement focus from technical non-compliance to provable bad faith.
CFTC Enforcement Shift Mandates Willful Violation Proof for Registration Charges
The CFTC now requires proof of willful violation for registration charges, raising the enforcement bar and mitigating 'regulation by ambush' risk.