Role separation in blockchain systems refers to the architectural design principle of distributing distinct functions, such as block production, transaction ordering, and proof generation, among different network participants. This division of responsibilities aims to reduce the power held by any single entity, thereby enhancing decentralization, security, and censorship resistance. It prevents a single actor from controlling multiple critical aspects of the network.
Context
Role separation is a key design consideration for improving the decentralization and robustness of Layer 2 scaling solutions, particularly concerning sequencers and provers. The ongoing discussion involves implementing mechanisms like proposer-builder separation (PBS) to divide the block production role into distinct components. Future advancements will likely see more sophisticated designs for role separation, aiming to mitigate centralization risks and enhance the overall security posture of decentralized networks.
New cryptographic primitives like Proof of Luck and Proof of Download secure Layer 2 decentralization and data integrity, fundamentally mitigating MEV and data withholding.
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