Rollup Decentralization

Definition ∞ Rollup Decentralization refers to the extent to which the operational control and data availability components of a blockchain rollup solution are distributed among multiple independent entities. This reduces reliance on a single operator for transaction sequencing, data posting, or proof generation. Higher decentralization contributes to censorship resistance and robustness.
Context ∞ This is a critical factor for the security and censorship resistance of Layer 2 rollups, influencing their long-term viability. Ongoing efforts focus on enhancing decentralization through distributed sequencers, fraud proof mechanisms, and data availability committees. These advancements are crucial for ensuring rollups maintain the core properties of the underlying blockchain.

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→Transaction Ordering

→Credible Neutrality

→Block Pipelining

L1 Proposers Decouple Rollup Sequencing for Maximum Decentralization

The Based Sequencing model shifts rollup transaction ordering to the L1 validator set, fundamentally inheriting L1 security and eliminating sequencer centralization risk.

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→L2 Liveness

→Trust Minimization

→Transaction Ordering

Delegating Layer Two Sequencing to Base Layer Proposers Secures Rollups

Based sequencing transfers L2 transaction ordering to the credibly neutral L1 validator set, fundamentally resolving sequencer centralization risk and enabling atomic composability.

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→Offchain Computation

→Decentralized Sequencers

→Byzantine Fault Tolerance

Decentralized Arrangers Using Set Consensus Fortify Rollup Security

Set Byzantine Consensus enables the Decentralized Arranger, unifying sequencing and data availability to eliminate L2 centralization risk.

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→Protocol Engineering

→Transaction Ordering

→Zero-Knowledge Proving

Decoupling Prover and Sequencer Roles for Decentralized ZK Rollups

A new Prover-Validator Separation mechanism uses a sealed-bid auction to decentralize zero-knowledge proof generation, mitigating rollup centralization and MEV risk.

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→Rollup Security

→Atomic Composability

→Layer Two Architecture

Set Byzantine Consensus Decouples Rollup Sequencing from Centralized Control

The research introduces Set Byzantine Consensus to construct a Decentralized Arranger, fundamentally solving rollup centralization by separating transaction content agreement from final ordering.

→Cross-Rollup Interoperability

→Transaction Ordering Fairness

→L2 Security Model

Layer One Sequencing Secures Rollups Decentralization and Censorship Resistance

The Based Rollups paradigm leverages the Layer One's block production to sequence Layer Two transactions, fundamentally eliminating centralized sequencer risk and achieving native censorship resistance.

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→ZK Rollups

→Set Byzantine Consensus

→Transaction Serialization

Decentralized Rollup Sequencers Using Set Consensus Ensure Full L2 Autonomy

Set Byzantine Consensus creates a decentralized arranger service, eliminating the sequencer bottleneck and enabling fully autonomous Layer 2 rollups.

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→Randomness Beacon

→L2 Execution

→Single Point Failure

Staked Randomness Secures Rollup Sequencers Preventing Censorship and Centralization

Staked Randomness Sequencer (SRS) uses VRF-weighted stake to select L2 sequencers, eliminating the single point of failure and unlocking true censorship resistance.

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→Hidden State Technique

→Proof of Luck Mechanism

→Collusion Resistance

Decentralized ZK-Rollups Achieve Data Availability and MEV Resistance

A novel L2 architecture separates node roles and uses a Proof of Luck mechanism to secure decentralization and prevent transaction reordering attacks.

Rollup Decentralization

L1 Proposers Decouple Rollup Sequencing for Maximum Decentralization

Delegating Layer Two Sequencing to Base Layer Proposers Secures Rollups

Decentralized Arrangers Using Set Consensus Fortify Rollup Security

Decoupling Prover and Sequencer Roles for Decentralized ZK Rollups

Set Byzantine Consensus Decouples Rollup Sequencing from Centralized Control

Layer One Sequencing Secures Rollups Decentralization and Censorship Resistance

Decentralized Rollup Sequencers Using Set Consensus Ensure Full L2 Autonomy

Staked Randomness Secures Rollup Sequencers Preventing Censorship and Centralization

Decentralized ZK-Rollups Achieve Data Availability and MEV Resistance

Incrypthos

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