A Smart Contract is a self-executing contract with the terms of the agreement directly written into code. These contracts run on a blockchain, automatically executing actions when predefined conditions are met. They facilitate, verify, and enforce the negotiation or performance of a contract without the need for intermediaries.
Context
Smart Contracts are foundational to decentralized applications (dApps) and decentralized finance (DeFi), with current discussions focusing on their security, upgradeability, and the development of more sophisticated functionalities. Analysts are examining the impact of new smart contract languages, audit methodologies, and the increasing complexity of on-chain logic on the security and utility of the blockchain ecosystem.
This research establishes a formal theory of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) through an abstract blockchain model, enabling rigorous security proofs against economic attacks.
A compromised third-party API allowed unauthorized withdrawal authority, exposing on-chain controls and draining $41 million in SOL from a DeFi staking program.
A novel system leverages large language models and retrieval-augmented generation to automate smart contract property creation, enhancing security and accessibility.
A meticulously crafted phishing campaign exploited multi-signature wallet approval mechanisms, enabling the unauthorized transfer of significant digital assets.
A critical lapse in code review and deployment protocols allowed a rogue developer to introduce state-modifying vulnerabilities, leading to significant asset exfiltration.
An internal developer's unauthorized code deployment with critical flash loan and state modification vulnerabilities led to a significant $2.6 million protocol compromise.
Sophisticated phishing bypassed multi-sig security by disguising malicious approvals, leading to a $3M asset drain and highlighting advanced social engineering risks.
A critical vulnerability in unaudited smart contract code, maliciously deployed by an insider, enabled unauthorized state modifications and flash loan exploitation, leading to significant asset drain.
A publicly exposed flash loan function and state-modifying query vulnerability allowed unauthorized asset drainage, posing a critical risk to protocol integrity.
This research establishes a formal theory of Maximal Extractable Value, providing a rigorous abstract model for understanding and mitigating blockchain economic attacks.
A sophisticated phishing attack leveraging a malicious client compromised a user's delegated account control, exposing DeFi to social engineering vulnerabilities.
A reentrancy vulnerability in the Shibarium Bridge led to a $2.4 million asset drain, underscoring critical security gaps in cross-chain infrastructure.
A compromised private key enabled an attacker to maliciously upgrade a smart contract, facilitating unauthorized withdrawal of $70 million from management accounts.
An integer division flaw in a newly deployed vault allowed attackers to manipulate exchange rates, enabling undercollateralized borrowing and significant asset drain.
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