Structured Reference String

Definition ∞ A structured reference string is a publicly verifiable set of parameters or cryptographic data that is generated once and then reused across multiple zero-knowledge proofs within a specific cryptographic system. This string allows provers and verifiers to operate with a common, trusted setup. It is essential for the security and efficiency of certain zero-knowledge proof constructions.
Context ∞ In the field of advanced cryptography, particularly zero-knowledge proofs like zk-SNARKs, the generation and management of a structured reference string are critical. News often reports on new methods for creating these strings with enhanced security and decentralization, such as multi-party computation ceremonies. The discussion centers on reducing the trust assumptions associated with this initial setup for wider adoption.