Transaction reverts signify that a blockchain transaction has been rejected and its state changes have been undone. This occurs when a smart contract encounters an error condition or fails to meet predefined execution requirements, preventing the transaction from being successfully processed and recorded on the ledger. Reverted transactions do not alter the blockchain’s state and the associated transaction fees are typically still consumed. Understanding the causes of reverts is crucial for debugging smart contracts and ensuring predictable application behavior.
Context
Transaction reverts are a common occurrence in the development and operation of decentralized applications (dApps) and smart contracts, frequently appearing in technical discussions and bug reports. News concerning smart contract vulnerabilities or protocol failures often points to transaction reverts as evidence of underlying issues. Developers actively analyze revert patterns to identify and rectify coding errors or logical flaws that could compromise application functionality or security.
This research reveals how transaction reverts on rollups are not errors but strategic MEV outcomes, driven by trade-splitting and duplication, demanding protocol reforms.
This research reveals that arbitrageurs on fast-finality blockchains maximize profit by splitting MEV opportunities into small, spam-based transactions, exposing critical flaws in current fee mechanisms.
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