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Trapdoor Function

Definition

A trapdoor function is a type of mathematical function that is easy to compute in one direction but extremely difficult to reverse without a specific piece of secret information, known as the “trapdoor.” With the trapdoor, reversing the function becomes computationally simple. These functions are fundamental to public-key cryptography, forming the basis for secure communication and digital signatures in blockchain technology. They enable secure encryption and authentication without requiring a shared secret key beforehand.