A trusted checkpoint in a blockchain refers to a specific block in the chain’s history that is assumed to be valid and immutable by network participants, particularly light clients. These checkpoints are often established by a majority of network validators or a trusted authority, allowing clients to synchronize quickly without verifying the entire chain from the genesis block. They serve as a known good state from which to begin validating subsequent blocks. This mechanism accelerates synchronization for new nodes.
Context
Trusted checkpoints are a relevant topic in discussions about blockchain light client efficiency and network security, frequently appearing in news concerning protocol upgrades or client software releases. While they significantly reduce synchronization time, the reliance on a trusted entity or majority can introduce a degree of centralization risk, sparking debates about the trade-offs between convenience and decentralization. The evolution of these mechanisms seeks to minimize trust assumptions through cryptographic advancements.
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