Definition ∞ A universal circuit is a cryptographic circuit design capable of executing any arbitrary computation, often used within zero-knowledge proof systems. This generalized circuit allows for a single proving system to verify a wide range of programs or statements. It simplifies the development and deployment of verifiable computation. This innovation enhances the flexibility of cryptographic proofs.
Context ∞ The development of universal circuits is a significant advancement in zero-knowledge cryptography, aiming to reduce the overhead associated with generating specific circuits for each new application. This innovation is critical for expanding the utility and ease of use of zero-knowledge proofs in decentralized applications. Ongoing research seeks to optimize their performance.
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