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Universal Circuits

Definition

Universal circuits are cryptographic circuits capable of executing any arbitrary computation up to a certain size, without needing a new circuit design for each specific program. Instead, a single, pre-established universal circuit can be configured to verify different computations by providing the program’s description as an input. This approach simplifies the development and deployment of zero-knowledge proof systems by eliminating the need to generate a custom circuit for every application. It enhances flexibility in verifiable computation.