Universal SNARKs, or Succinct Non-interactive ARguments of Knowledge, are a type of zero-knowledge proof system that can be used to verify the correctness of any arbitrary computation. Unlike earlier SNARKs that were often tied to specific circuit structures, universal SNARKs offer greater flexibility. This allows for the verification of a wider range of complex computations without requiring custom proof circuits for each one. They represent a significant advancement in verifiable computation.
Context
Universal SNARKs are a pivotal technology in the advancement of blockchain scalability and privacy solutions, notably in the development of advanced zero-knowledge rollups. Discussions frequently center on their potential to reduce transaction costs, enhance network throughput, and enable more sophisticated privacy-preserving applications. The ongoing research aims to optimize their performance and broaden their applicability across diverse blockchain architectures.
PLONK introduces a novel SNARK construction that significantly reduces prover overheads while maintaining universal and updatable trusted setups, enabling practical verifiable computation.
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