First Standard-Model One-Shot Signatures and Commitment Scheme Separation → Research

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Briefing

This research addresses the long-standing challenge of creating one-shot signatures → digital signatures valid for a single message → and definitively resolves a decade-old problem in cryptographic commitment schemes. It proposes the first standard-model construction of one-shot signatures by employing indistinguishability obfuscation and novel permutable pseudorandom permutations. This breakthrough fundamentally advances post-quantum cryptography by establishing a clear separation between classical and collapse-binding commitments, paving the way for more robust and secure decentralized systems resilient to quantum threats.

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Context

Before this research, the creation of one-shot signatures in classical cryptography was largely considered impossible, with existing theoretical constructions suffering from critical flaws. A significant theoretical limitation also existed in distinguishing classical from collapse-binding cryptographic commitments, particularly in the context of emerging quantum computing threats. These unresolved challenges hindered the development of truly secure and scalable cryptographic primitives for future blockchain architectures, leaving a gap in foundational security guarantees.

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Analysis

The paper’s core mechanism involves a novel application of indistinguishability obfuscation, combined with the well-established Learning With Errors assumption. The researchers introduce “permutable pseudorandom permutations,” a specialized cryptographic building block that allows controlled data rearrangements while preserving high randomness. By obfuscating these permutations, they construct a “full-domain” trapdoor one-way permutation, which had been an open problem for over a decade. This methodology enables the creation of one-shot signatures where the signing key is irrevocably destroyed after a single use, fundamentally differing from previous approaches by providing a standard-model, provably secure construction without relying on unrealistic assumptions or quantum oracles.

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Parameters

Core Concept → One-Shot Signatures
Key Authors → Omri Shmueli, Mark Zhandry
Key Primitive → Indistinguishability Obfuscation
Foundational Assumption → Learning With Errors (LWE)
Novel Primitive → Permutable Pseudorandom Permutations
Related Problem Solved → Full-Domain Trapdoor One-Way Permutations
Publication Date → July 18, 2025

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Outlook

This research opens new avenues for developing cryptographic tools that are secure against quantum adversaries, particularly in areas like smart contracts and consensus protocols. Future work will likely focus on optimizing the efficiency of these one-shot signatures and exploring their practical applicability in various decentralized applications, potentially leading to more scalable and secure blockchain architectures within the next 3-5 years. Further theoretical investigation into achieving these signatures without sub-exponential hardness assumptions and cleaner implementations using only basic cryptographic primitives is also anticipated.

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Verdict

This research decisively advances foundational cryptography by providing the first standard-model one-shot signature and clarifying the critical distinction between classical and quantum-resistant commitment schemes, profoundly impacting future blockchain security.

Signal Acquired from → arXiv.org